|Petra city of stone | the lost city of Petra | ancient Petra Jordan

Ancient Petra city, Petra city of stone, located amid rugged desert canyons and mountains in what is now the southwestern corner of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Ancient Petra city once a thriving trading center and the capital of Nabataean empire between 400 B.C. and A.D. 106. In 1985 the Petra city of stone was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site, and in 2007 it was named one of the new Seven Wonders of the World.
The Nabataeans, before they were conquered and absorbed into the Roman Empire, controlled a vast tract of the Middle East from modern-day Israel and Jordan into the northern Arabian Peninsula. The remains of their innovative networks of water capture, storage, transport, and irrigation systems are found to this day throughout this area.Scholars know the Nabataeans were in Petra city of stone since at least 312 B.C., says archaeologist Zeidoun Al-Muheisen of Jordan's Yarmouk University.Al-Muheisen, who has been excavating in Petra city of stone since 1979 and specializes in the Nabataean period, says no one has yet found any archaeological evidence dating back to the fourth century B.C. The earliest findings thus far date back only to the second and first centuries B.C.But more clues remain beneath the surface. "We have uncovered just 15 percent of the city," he says. "The vast majority—85 percent—is still underground and untouched."Numerous scrolls in Greek and dating to the Byzantine period were discovered in an excavated church near the Winged Lion Temple in ancient Petra city in December 1993.Researchers at the American Center of Oriental Research in Amman, the capital, are now analyzing the scrolls and hope they will shed light on life in the lost city of Petra during this period.Once Rome formally took possession of Petra city of stone in A.D. 106, its importance in international trade began to wane. The decay of the city continued, aided by earthquakes and the rise in importance of sea trade routes, and Petra reached its nadir near the close of the Byzantine Empire's rule, around A.D. 700.Visitors today can see varying blends of Nabataean and Greco-Roman architectural styles in the city's tombs, many of which were looted by thieves and their treasures thus lost.
Today, local Bedouins selling tourist souvenirs hawk their wares not far from the place where Arabs believe Moses struck a rock with his staff, causing water to burst forth.
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